The identity of the senders of e-mails passing through is determined by a combination of the network address of the SMTP peer that the message arrives from, and the envelope return address. Envelope return addresses alone are not sufficient to validate an identity with any degree of certainty whatsoever, as they are trivial to forge. Adding the network address of the SMTP peer into the equation makes forgery much more difficult. Pay2send has applied for a patent on the concept of validating sender identity with a combination of these two simple data. Using universally available e-mail software, the pay2send system allows only other people on the same network as yourself to effectively forge your address. Using properly configured universally available e-mail software that authenticates the identites of users and sets the envelope return addresses accordingly, the only way to forge a sender address so that pay2send will improperly debit your pay2send account is to defeat the authentication in use on the system on your network. If you did not understand the previous paragraph, set the "threshold" in your pay2send account preferences to zero to eliminate the risk of someone who uses the same outgoing e-mail server as you using up your pay2send credit by forging e-mail from you. A commercial e-mail sending operation should have adequate access controls in place to prevent unauthorized messages from originating in their equipment.